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Chronic Kidney Disease The scope of chronic kidney disease is staggering. More than 50,000 Americans die each year because of kidney disease, more than 260,000 Americans suffer from chronic kidney failure and require dialysis or kidney transplantation, and more than 48,000 patients are waiting for kidney transplants. This News & Perspectives is a collection of the latest medical news and clinical information on cause, treatment and prevention of renal disease.